Difference between revisions of "FAQAnar:A.1.4 - Les Anarchistes sont-ils socialistes ?"

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(A.1.4 - Les anarchistes sont-ils socialistes ?)
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C'est pour cela que tous les anarchistes sont anti-cpaitalistes ("If labour owned the wealth it produced, there would be no capitalism" <ref>Alexander Berkman, What is Anarchism?, p. 44</ref>). Benjamin  Tucker, par exemple - l'anarchiste le plus influencé par le libéralisme (nous y reviendrons plus tard) - appelait ses idées "Anarcho-socialisme" et dénonçait le capitalisme comme un système basé sur "the usurer, the receiver of interest, rent and profit."
 
C'est pour cela que tous les anarchistes sont anti-cpaitalistes ("If labour owned the wealth it produced, there would be no capitalism" <ref>Alexander Berkman, What is Anarchism?, p. 44</ref>). Benjamin  Tucker, par exemple - l'anarchiste le plus influencé par le libéralisme (nous y reviendrons plus tard) - appelait ses idées "Anarcho-socialisme" et dénonçait le capitalisme comme un système basé sur "the usurer, the receiver of interest, rent and profit."
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Tucker pensait que dans une société anarchiste, non-capitaliste, et de libre marché, les capitalistes deviendraient redondant et que l'exploitation du travail par le capital cesserait, puisque "labour [...] will [...] secure its natural wage, its entire product."<ref>The Individualist Anarchists, p.82 et p.85</ref> Une telle économie serait basée sur la banque mutuelle et le libre échange des produits entre les coopératives, les artisans et les paysans. Pour Tucker, et d'autre anarchistes individualistes, le capitalisme n'est pas un vrai marché libre, puisque des lois diverses et variées et des monopoles assurent aux capitalistes un avantage sur la classe ouvrière, donc leur exploitation future via le profit, les intérêts et les prêts (voir section [[FAQAnar:G...|G]] pour plus de détails). '''Even [[Max Stirner]], the arch-egoist, had nothing but scorn for capitalist society and its various "spooks," which for him meant ideas that are treated as sacred or religious, such as private property, competition, division of labour, and so forth.'''
  
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Ainsi les anarchistes se considèrent comme socialistes, mais socialistes d'une certaine sorte - socialistes libertaires. Ainsi que l'anarchiste individualiste [[Joseph A. Labadie]] le disait (faisant écho à Tucker et Bakounine):
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<blockquote>On dit que l'anarchisme n'est pas le socialisme. C'est une erreur. L'anarchisme est du socialisme volontaire. Il y a deux sortes de socialisme,
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'''archistic and anarchistic''', autoritaire et libertaire, étatique et libre.En fait, chaque proposition pour une amélioration sociale est ...
 
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Tucker held that in an anarchist, non-capitalist, free-market society, capitalists will become redundant and exploitation of labour by capital would cease, since "labour. . . will. . . secure its natural wage, its entire product." [The Individualist Anarchists, p. 82 and p. 85] Such an economy will be based on mutual banking and the free exchange of products between co-operatives, artisans and peasants. For Tucker, and other Individualist anarchists, capitalism is not a true free market, being marked by various laws and monopolies which ensure that capitalists have the advantage over working people, so ensuring the latter's exploitation via profit, interest and rent (see section G for a fuller discussion). Even Max Stirner, the arch-egoist, had nothing but scorn for capitalist society and its various "spooks," which for him meant ideas that are treated as sacred or religious, such as private property, competition, division of labour, and so forth.
 
 
So anarchists consider themselves as socialists, but socialists of a specific kind -- libertarian socialists. As the individualist anarchist Joseph A. Labadie puts it (echoing both Tucker and Bakunin):
 
  
 
:"It is said that Anarchism is not socialism. This is a mistake. Anarchism is voluntary Socialism. There are two kinds of Socialism, archistic and anarchistic, authoritarian and libertarian, state and free. Indeed, every proposition for social betterment is either to increase or decrease the powers of external wills and forces over the individual. As they increase they are archistic; as they decrease they are anarchistic." [Anarchism: What It Is and What It Is Not]  
 
:"It is said that Anarchism is not socialism. This is a mistake. Anarchism is voluntary Socialism. There are two kinds of Socialism, archistic and anarchistic, authoritarian and libertarian, state and free. Indeed, every proposition for social betterment is either to increase or decrease the powers of external wills and forces over the individual. As they increase they are archistic; as they decrease they are anarchistic." [Anarchism: What It Is and What It Is Not]  

Revision as of 04:48, 14 November 2007