John Henry Mackay

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John Henry Mackay.

John Henry Mackay (né en 1864 à Greenock, Royaume-Uni – mort à Stahnsdorf, Allemagne, le 16 mai 1933) était un anarchiste individualiste, écrivain et penseur homosexuel, d'origine écossaise puis naturalisé allemand. On lui doit un travail de redecouverte et la seule biographie de réference sur Max Stirner (Max Stirner – Sein Leben und sein Werk), dont il fait le père de l'individualisme anarchiste. Il est également l'auteur du roman Die Anarchisten (Les Anarchistes, en 1891) et Der Freiheitsucher (Le Chercheur de Liberté, en 1921). Mackay fut publié aux États-Unis dans le journal Liberty de son ami Benjamin Tucker.

Biographie

Mackay lived in Berlin from 1896 onwards, and became a friend of scientist and Gemeinschaft der Eigenen co-founder Benedict Friedlander.

Mackay died in Stahnsdorf on May 16, 1933, ten days after the Nazi book burnings at the Institut für Sexualwissenschaft. Adolf Hitler had become dictator two months earlier, and all activities of the German homosexual emancipation movement soon ceased. Allegations that Mackay's death may have been a suicide have been disputed:

« Mackay died on 16 May 1933 in the office of his doctor, only a few houses from his own, apparently of a heart attack. He was also suffering from stones in his bladder ».
--Kennedy, Hubert. Anarchist of Love: The Secret Life of John Henry Mackay

Influence de l'Å“uvre

Using the pseudonym Sagitta, Mackay wrote a series of works for pederastic emancipation, titled Die Buecher der namelosen Liebe (Books of the Nameless Love). This series was conceived in 1905 and completed in 1913. Under the same pseudonym he also published fiction, such as the pederastic novel of the Berlin boy-bars, Der Puppenjunge (The Hustler) (1926), a work confirmed as realistic by Christopher Isherwood who had experienced the scene personally.

From 1906, the writings and theories of Mackay had a significant influence on Adolf Brand's organisation Gemeinschaft der Eigenen. Mackay was also a key populariser of the work of Max Stirner (1806-1856) outside Germany, writing a biography of the philosopher which also added greatly to the understanding of the work of Friedrich Nietzsche in the English-speaking world.

Richard Strauss's well-known songs from his Vier Lieder (Op. 27), a wedding gift to his wife, Morgen and Heimliche Aufforderung (Secret Invitation) set two of Mackay's poems inspired by the love of boys to music.

Notes

Bibliographie conseillée

• Kennedy, Hubert. Anarchist of Love: The Secret Life of John Henry Mackay (2nd Edition, 2002) (full-text PDF link)

Lien interne

• Anarchisme individualiste

Liens externes

• En allemand :
  • Die Menschen der Ehe (Les Gens du mariage)
  • Der Schwimmer (Le Nageur)
  • Max Stirner – Sein Leben und sein Werk

• En anglais :
  • Å’uvres complètes

Mackay, John Henry Mackay, John Henry

1. REDIRECT Modèle:Wikipedia (traduit de l'article anglais)