Difference between revisions of "Autochtones d'Amérique"

Catégorie:Ébauches

Cultures autochtones

(ébauche)
Selon les dernières découvertes archéologiques, l'arrivée des chasseurs nomades par le détroit de Béring remonterait à plus de 40 000 ans. Le continent a accueillis ??? nations, d'organisations sociales et économiques assez diverses;...

(vous pouvez consulter Les Roiá:ners, "chefs" iroquois, Matrilinéarité, Potlatch...)

Le colonialisme

Au temps des colonialisations(mais, ce n'est pas vrai que les tyrans en ont fini), les amérindien(ne)s étaient vu comme des sauvages ,curiosités bonnes pour le spectacle du musée. Rares sont ceux et celles qui se sont attardé(e)s aux cultures et mode de vies autochtones, et ceux et celle qui le faisait, devait censurer le résultat de leurs recherches sous peine de choquer l'autorité qui les envoyaient. -humanistes...

génocide, assimilation pas mal brune(pensionnats pour autochtones(1932-Atikamekw, Pointe-bleue , 1953-Innu, Sept-Iles)-sédentarisation, éducation obligatoire, virus et bactéries européennes, alcool, enrôlement obligé, conseil de bandes, brutalité policière,...)

Situation actuelle et luttes des autochtones

Les autochtones, dans leur lutte, cherchent à préserver leur culture, leur histoire et leurs savoirs propres et le droit de décider eux/elles-mêmes de leur présent et de leur avenir.

Chez les autochtones d'amérique, la Première Rencontre continentale des peuples indiens (Quito, 1990) a permit de constater que les autochtones des pays où ils et elles sont aujourdh'ui peu nombreux (Canada, États-Unis, Chili, Argentine...), préconisent davantage le "Projet de Peuple" dans leur revendications, alors que les autochtones des pays où ils et elles sont en fortes proportions(Mexique, Guatemala, Bolivie,...) sont plus lutte des classistes dans les leurs.

Les conditions de vie se pourissent de jours en jours et l'autonomie des peuples se perd de plus en plus. Au nord du Québec, les autochtones souffrent d'empoisonnement au Mercure jetée dans l'eau par les centrale hydro-électriques. Après les pires massacres, génocides à la chaîne, les gens ont oubliés; sombrer léthargique. Heureusement, la tactique des luttes d'autonomie est assez positive comme expérience. Selon Pedro Cayuqueo, directeur du journal Mapuche Azkintuwe, le National Intelligence Council avec la collaboration de 13 agences gouvernementales, dont la CIA, aurait réalisé une étude("Global Trends 2020-Mapping the Global Future") de "scénarios contre-insurrectionnels" potentiels d'aujourd'hui à 2020, lors de 12 conférences régionales.^[1]

Le mouvement Anarcho-Indigène se développe de plus en plus. Wasáse(Indigenous Pathways of Action and Freedom), un livre de Taiaiake Alfred prône explicitement la nécessité d'un anarcho-indigénisme(anarcho-autochtone) avec la vision autochtone d'une bonne société.

Il y a des connections philosophiques entre la pensée des autochtones et quelques tendances anarchistes à propos de l'esprit de liberté et les idéaux d'une bonne société. Des idées critiques paralèles et des visions post-impériale du futur ont été noté par quelques penseur(e)s, mais quelque chose qui peut être appelé anarcho-indigénisme est encore qu'au développement d'une philosophie cohérente. Il y a aussi des similitudes stratégiques importantes entre la façon de voir et d'être dans le monde entre les autochtones et les anarchistes... une rejection des alliances avec les systèmes d'oppression légalisés, la non-participation aux institutions qui structurent la relation coloniale, et un espoir d'amener du changement par l'action directe, la résistance physique, et les confrontations avec le pouvoir de l'État. C'est sur ce derner point que les connections ont déjà été faites entre les groupes Onkwehonwe et les activistes non-autochtones du mouvement anti-globalisation.

- Wasáse: Indigenous Pathways of Action and Freedom, Taiaiake Alfred, p.45, traduite

Notes

1 : Source: Communautés autochtones et "guerre au terrorisme", Alerta!, le cri de la wawa, Automne 2005

Bibliographie

• Wasáse: Indigenous Pathways of Action and Freedom, Taiaiake Alfred {Use|Usage} Prandin {regularly|routinely|frequently|on a regular basis|consistently} {to {get|obtain|end up|acquire}|to obtain} {the most|one of the most} {benefit|profit}. {Get|Obtain|Acquire} your {prescription|prescribed} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] {refilled|filled up|re-filled|replenished} {before|prior to|just before} you {run out of|lack|lose} {medicine|medication} {completely|totally|entirely}. Propecia {{needs|requires|really needs} to|has to|should} be taken {constantly|continuously|regularly|frequently} in order to {support|sustain|assist} your {progress|development|progression|improvement}. {If you {decide|choose|determine} to {stop|quit} the {treatment|therapy|procedure} you {will|will certainly} {lose|shed} all the #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] hair you {managed|handled|took care of} to re-grow within one year {period|duration}. |, if you {decide|choose|determine} to {stop|quit} the {treatment|therapy|procedure} you {will|will certainly} {lose|shed} all the hair you {managed|handled|took care of} to re-grow within one year {period|duration}. Your {{health|wellness|health and wellness|safety} {care|treatment}|healthcare|medical} {provider|service provider|company|supplier|carrier} {will|will certainly} {increase|enhance|raise|boost|improve} your #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] Sildenafil {dosage|dose|quantity} in {case|situation|instance} it is not {efficient|effective|reliable} for the {first|initial|very first} time. It {can|could} be {also|likewise|additionally} {used|utilized|made use of} for {patients|clients|people} {diagnosed|identified|figured out|detected} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] with {benign|harmless|curable} prostatic hyperplasia. {A total|A total amount} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] of 249 {patients|clients|people|individuals} {who|that|which} were treatment-naПЉve or {who|that|which} {had|had actually} {received|gotten|obtained} {limited|restricted|minimal} {treatment|therapy} with antidiabetic {therapy|treatment} in the past were randomized to {receive|get|obtain} 22 weeks of {treatment|therapy} with either Amaryl (n=123) or {placebo|sugar pill|inactive medicine} (n=126) in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-titration {trial|test}. The most {common|typical|usual} ones {include|consist of|feature} {headache|frustration|problem|hassle}, {upset {stomach|tummy|belly}|indigestion}, {warmth|heat} or {redness|soreness|inflammation} in your face, {stuffy|stale} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] nose and memory {problems|issues|troubles}. In {patients|clients|people|individuals} {who|that|which} {develop|establish|create} {{an allergic|a sensitive|a hypersensitive} {reaction|response}|an allergy} from clonidine transdermal system, {substitution|alternative|replacement} of {oral|dental} clonidine hydrochloride {may|might|could} {also|likewise|additionally} {elicit|generate|bring about} {{an allergic|a sensitive|a hypersensitive} {reaction|response}|an allergy} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] ({including|consisting of} {generalized|generalised} Template:rash). Verapamil clearance #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] {values|worths} {suggest|recommend} that {patients|clients|people|individuals} with liver {dysfunction|disorder} {may|might|could} {attain|achieve|obtain|acquire} {therapeutic|restorative|healing} verapamil plasma {concentrations|focus|attentions} with one third of the {oral|dental} {daily|everyday|day-to-day} {dose|dosage} {required|needed} for {patients|clients|people|individuals} with {normal|typical|regular} liver {function|feature}. The {amount|quantity} of {fat|fatty tissue|fat deposits|fats} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] you {get|getting|obtain} {should|ought to|can|must|need to} be {divided|split|separated|broken down} {equally|similarly|just as} {between|in between} the {three|3} {meals|dishes} you have {{during|throughout} the day|throughout the day}. If you are {not {sure|certain}|unsure|uncertain} {about|regarding|concerning} the {name|location|label} of the {medicine|medication} you are {using|utilizing|withing|making use of} - {talk to|speak with|speak to|talk with|get in touch with} your {{health|wellness|health and wellness} {care|treatment}|healthcare|medical} {provider|service provider|company|supplier|carrier} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] or your {pharmacist|pharmacologist} to see if {any of|any one of} your {drugs|medicines} {can|could} {potentially|possibly} {cause|trigger|create|induce} {interactions|communications}. There are #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] {also|likewise|additionally} {a number of|a variety of|a lot of} {medications|medicines} that {can|could} {interact|communicate|connect} with Deltasone - and you {will|will certainly} {let|allow|permit} your {doctor|physician|medical professional} {{know|understand} {about|regarding|concerning}|learn about|understand about|find out about} them if you are {using|utilizing|making use of} {any of|any one of} them {at the {moment|minute}|currently|presently|right now}.
• Eukuan nin matshimanitu innu-iskueu/Je suis une maudite sauvagesse, An Antane Kapesh, 1976
• Alerta!, le cri de la wawa! (périodique éco-anarchiste), Automne 2005
• Where License Reigns With All Impunity (sur le web), NEFAC {Use|Usage} Prandin {regularly|routinely|frequently|on a regular basis|consistently} {to {get|obtain|end up|acquire}|to obtain} {the most|one of the most} {benefit|profit}. {Get|Obtain|Acquire} your {prescription|prescribed} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] {refilled|filled up|re-filled|replenished} {before|prior to|just before} you {run out of|lack|lose} {medicine|medication} {completely|totally|entirely}. Propecia {{needs|requires|really needs} to|has to|should} be taken {constantly|continuously|regularly|frequently} in order to {support|sustain|assist} your {progress|development|progression|improvement}. {If you {decide|choose|determine} to {stop|quit} the {treatment|therapy|procedure} you {will|will certainly} {lose|shed} all the #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] hair you {managed|handled|took care of} to re-grow within one year {period|duration}. |, if you {decide|choose|determine} to {stop|quit} the {treatment|therapy|procedure} you {will|will certainly} {lose|shed} all the hair you {managed|handled|took care of} to re-grow within one year {period|duration}. Your {{health|wellness|health and wellness|safety} {care|treatment}|healthcare|medical} {provider|service provider|company|supplier|carrier} {will|will certainly} {increase|enhance|raise|boost|improve} your #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] Sildenafil {dosage|dose|quantity} in {case|situation|instance} it is not {efficient|effective|reliable} for the {first|initial|very first} time. It {can|could} be {also|likewise|additionally} {used|utilized|made use of} for {patients|clients|people} {diagnosed|identified|figured out|detected} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] with {benign|harmless|curable} prostatic hyperplasia. {A total|A total amount} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] of 249 {patients|clients|people|individuals} {who|that|which} were treatment-naПЉve or {who|that|which} {had|had actually} {received|gotten|obtained} {limited|restricted|minimal} {treatment|therapy} with antidiabetic {therapy|treatment} in the past were randomized to {receive|get|obtain} 22 weeks of {treatment|therapy} with either Amaryl (n=123) or {placebo|sugar pill|inactive medicine} (n=126) in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-titration {trial|test}. The most {common|typical|usual} ones {include|consist of|feature} {headache|frustration|problem|hassle}, {upset {stomach|tummy|belly}|indigestion}, {warmth|heat} or {redness|soreness|inflammation} in your face, {stuffy|stale} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] nose and memory {problems|issues|troubles}. In {patients|clients|people|individuals} {who|that|which} {develop|establish|create} {{an allergic|a sensitive|a hypersensitive} {reaction|response}|an allergy} from clonidine transdermal system, {substitution|alternative|replacement} of {oral|dental} clonidine hydrochloride {may|might|could} {also|likewise|additionally} {elicit|generate|bring about} {{an allergic|a sensitive|a hypersensitive} {reaction|response}|an allergy} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] ({including|consisting of} {generalized|generalised} Template:rash). Verapamil clearance #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] {values|worths} {suggest|recommend} that {patients|clients|people|individuals} with liver {dysfunction|disorder} {may|might|could} {attain|achieve|obtain|acquire} {therapeutic|restorative|healing} verapamil plasma {concentrations|focus|attentions} with one third of the {oral|dental} {daily|everyday|day-to-day} {dose|dosage} {required|needed} for {patients|clients|people|individuals} with {normal|typical|regular} liver {function|feature}. The {amount|quantity} of {fat|fatty tissue|fat deposits|fats} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] you {get|getting|obtain} {should|ought to|can|must|need to} be {divided|split|separated|broken down} {equally|similarly|just as} {between|in between} the {three|3} {meals|dishes} you have {{during|throughout} the day|throughout the day}. If you are {not {sure|certain}|unsure|uncertain} {about|regarding|concerning} the {name|location|label} of the {medicine|medication} you are {using|utilizing|withing|making use of} - {talk to|speak with|speak to|talk with|get in touch with} your {{health|wellness|health and wellness} {care|treatment}|healthcare|medical} {provider|service provider|company|supplier|carrier} #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] or your {pharmacist|pharmacologist} to see if {any of|any one of} your {drugs|medicines} {can|could} {potentially|possibly} {cause|trigger|create|induce} {interactions|communications}. There are #file_links<>links/imp_files/newspm.txt",1,S] {also|likewise|additionally} {a number of|a variety of|a lot of} {medications|medicines} that {can|could} {interact|communicate|connect} with Deltasone - and you {will|will certainly} {let|allow|permit} your {doctor|physician|medical professional} {{know|understand} {about|regarding|concerning}|learn about|understand about|find out about} them if you are {using|utilizing|making use of} {any of|any one of} them {at the {moment|minute}|currently|presently|right now}. - inclut une bonne bibliographie

Voir aussi

Les articles traîtant de lutte autochtone sont regroupés dans la Catégorie:Lutte autochtone